JP Morgan has reached a $5.1bn settlement with the U.S. Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) over charges it misled mortgage giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac during the housing boom.
A separate settlement with the U.S. Justice Department is expected to be announced soon.
"This is a significant step to address outstanding mortgage-related issues," the FHFA said in a statement, the biggest ever issued by a U.S. bank.
JP Morgan said the settlement resolves the biggest case against the firm relating to mortgage-backed securities. The bank added that the agreement relates to "approximately $33.8 billion of securities purchased by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac from JP Morgan, Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual" from 2005 - 2007.
JP Morgan purchased Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual at the height of the financial crisis of 2008-2009, and has tried to argue that it should not be punished for mistakes made before those deals.
As part of the agreement with the FHFA, the bank will pay $4bn to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to settle claims that it violated U.S. securities law.
It will pay the agencies an additional $1.1bn for misrepresenting the quality of single-family mortgages.
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are the biggest mortgage lenders in the U.S. They received $187bn in US taxpayer aid to help them stay afloat during the financial collapse. They have since repaid $146bn of the loan.
JP Morgan has been under investigation for several months by U.S. regulators.
The bank said that it hoped the settlement would be part of a "broader resolution" of the firm's housing bubble woes - a nod to an expected settlement with the U.S. Justice Department that is also likely to run to several billions of dollars.
The firm reported a rare loss last quarter, having set aside an additional $9bn to help it deal with its mounting legal troubles.
JP Morgan has set aside a total of $23bn to help the bank work through its many investigations by regulators in the U.S. and abroad.
Last month, the bank agreed to pay more than $1bn to help it end various investigations into its 2012 "London whale" trading debacle, which cost the bank more than $6bn and raised questions about its oversight procedures.
