In its annual Freedom in the World 2025 report, the human rights organization Freedom House has reviewed Armenia’s state of justice, security, and individual freedoms, with particular attention to the judiciary, equal opportunities, and civic liberties.

In the section dedicated to Armenia, the report highlights that approximately 200 square kilometers of Armenian territory remain under occupation following the September 2022 clashes along the Armenia-Azerbaijan border, according to Aravot.

The report states that Azerbaijani forces have moved closer to Armenian settlements, prompting some civilians to flee their homes and contributing to a population decline in certain border villages.

It further notes that by the end of 2023, the influx of ethnic Armenians fleeing from Nagorno-Karabakh triggered a housing crisis in Armenia. Thousands reportedly rejected government incentives to settle in border regions, opting instead for temporary shelters closer to Yerevan.

The report also mentions that in 2024, as part of the ongoing border delimitation process, property owners whose lands fell under Azerbaijani control were eligible to apply for financial compensation. However, the Armenian government has not disclosed how much was paid out, raising concerns among human rights advocates about the fairness and adequacy of the compensation.

Special attention is also given to Armenia’s electoral processes within the broader evaluation.